Coverage: 2020-01-01 onwards, with up to 300 results per query from PubMed and Europe PMC and separate limits on other sources. This is a selected index, not a complete literature search.
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Poland Syndrome — Research Summary
Printed from RareWays (rareways.org) on 26 September 2026
For general awareness only. Not medical advice. Discuss all care options with your healthcare team.
5 Most Recent Research Articles
- 1.
A Multidisciplinary Approach To Poland Syndrome: Experiences From A Novel Clinical Approach
Tom Challoner et al. — Journal of clinical pediatrics. (8 September 2026)
https://doi.org/10.52338/jocp.2026.5976
- 2.
"Nipple-centered customized skin expansion for breast reconstruction in female patients with Poland syndrome: A reproducible protocol".
Baldelli Ilaria et al. — Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS (3 September 2026)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42777622/
- 3.
Achilles tendon allograft implantation for anterior axillary fold reconstruction in Poland syndrome.
Rodríguez-Avilés Yaiel G et al. — JPRAS open (1 September 2026)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42436661/
- 4.
Hybrid chest wall reconstruction using a composite scaffold and mesh: a surgical technique.
Borges Enzo Campedelli et al. — Journal of thoracic disease (31 August 2026)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42724271/
- 5.
[A woman with dyspnea since childhood: a late diagnosis of Poland syndrome].
Van Schelvergem Astrid et al. — Nederlands tijdschrift voor geneeskunde (8 July 2026)
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42466854/
Source: RareWays research directory. Data from PubMed, Europe PMC, OpenAlex, ClinicalTrials.gov.
Always verify information with your healthcare team before making any decisions about your care.
Poland Syndrome
Poland syndrome is a rare condition present from birth in which the chest muscle on one side is underdeveloped or missing, often with a smaller hand or joined fingers on the same side. The breast and nipple may also be underdeveloped. It usually affects one side of the body only. Care may include hand surgery, physiotherapy and reconstructive surgery of the chest if wanted.
Most Recent Research
Aims: Poland syndrome is a rare but complex multifactorial condition related to the development of the upper limb bud.It can present with differences of the hand, chest wall, shoulder girdle, spine and breast tissue.It is also associated with cardiac and renal anomalies.Whilst individual concerns are usually addressed in isolation by separate clinicians, our model of a multidisciplinary clinic is the first in the UK to provide a unified assessment with upper limb, breast and thoracic surgeons reviewing each difference in turn.We aim to describe and discuss the potential benefits of this new service.Methods: A retrospective review was performed of 42 consecutive patients between February 2022-December 2023, and questionnaires sent evaluating patient experiences.Results: This demonstrated a mean age at referral of 6 years.Ten were referred from outside the normal catchment area, for which the mean distance travelled was 121 miles.Five had previously undergone surgery for conditions related to Poland Syndrome elsewhere.A survey identified 88.9% felt the clinic setup was beneficial, and 55% felt more knowledgeable about the condition after the appointment.Seventy-seven percent of respondents enjoyed meeting others with the condition.Conclusion: The aim of the clinic is not to dictate treatment plans, or to dismiss those of others.It aims to allow families to be fully informed about all options, offer support and a presence when patients feel our skills are required.Our experiences and results demonstrate that for rarer conditions such as this, this model gives time and space for families to understand more about the condition, offering a holistic care model empowering families to make the decision that is most suitable for their circumstances.
Common Questions
What is Poland Syndrome?
Poland syndrome is a rare condition present from birth in which the chest muscle on one side is underdeveloped or missing, often with a smaller hand or joined fingers on the same side. The breast and nipple may also be underdeveloped. It usually affects one side of the body only. Care may include hand surgery, physiotherapy and reconstructive surgery of the chest if wanted.
How many clinical trials are available for Poland Syndrome?
RareWays currently indexes 1 clinical trial for Poland Syndrome, of which 1 is actively recruiting. Trial availability changes as new studies are registered — check the trials tab for current status.
Where does the research data for Poland Syndrome come from?
RareWays aggregates research from PubMed, Europe PMC, OpenAlex, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Data is refreshed automatically every day. All articles and trials link directly to their original sources.
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